Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Lumbosacral Intervertebral Discs in Nigerians with Low Back Pain
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Abstract
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice in diagnostic imaging of the neurological structures related to low back pain (LBP). Particularly, in evaluation of the vertebral discs, its relationship to the nerve roots and related structures with precise diagnosis that guides the patient’s management. This study evaluated the spectrum of intervertebral disc findings in LBP patients at two imaging centers in the South-West and North-Central Nigeria. Association between the clinical diagnosis and MRI disc findings was tested.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. The request cards, reports, and available
recorded images of patients referred for MRI for LBP from 2013 till 2015 were retrieved. The extracted patients’ information, radiological findings were documented in a data form, with due compliance to confidentiality of the cohort and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software (Version 20.0., IBM Corp. Released 2011, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, USA) Results were presented as tables and test of association between variables carried out using Pearson t-test.
Results: A total number of 205 patients were enrolled. Age range of the subjects was 10–83 years and mean age = 52.5 ± 15.4 years. There were more females with a male to female ratio of 1:1.04. LBP was more common in the fifth decade and least in ≤20 years (3%). MRI disc abnormalities increased with advancing age with statistically significant association between disc abnormalities and the patient’s age, lumbar spondylosis, disc prolapse, and spinal canal stenosis.
Conclusion: Disc abnormalities increased significantly with advancing age. Lumbar spondylosis, disc prolapse, and spinal canal stenosis are most commonly associated with florid disc abnormalities on MRI.
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